Instituto de Economía, Geografía y Demografía (IEGD), CSIC
La cooperación para la innovación es una modalidad de la innovación abierta que implica la participación activa de una empresa con otras compañías o entidades no comerciales en actividades de innovación, que no necesariamente tienen un enfoque comercial. Investigaciones previas han destacado varios beneficios de la cooperación para la innovación, especialmente en momentos de crisis económica.
Innovation fosters economic growth and the performance of national systems. At the same time, though, recent literature shows that innovation is also a source of increasing income inequalities. Public policies face thus an important trade-off between efficiency and equity effects of innovation. What are the possible policy strategies to address this trade-off? The paper presents a model of innovation, income inequality and public policies.
We examine whether government sponsored R&D induces the development of clean technologies with a high impact on subsequent technological development. The analysis uses information on USPTO patents granted between 2005 and 2015 and combines different methods to control for possible sorting of projects into public funding and for non-random (public) treatment. We also assess the distributional impact of government sponsored R&D.
Temporary rivers (TRs) are defined as watercourses that may dry up for some period of time within the year. At the global scale, TRs represent more than 50% of the world’s river network, demonstrating that non-perennial rivers are the rule rather than the exception on Earth. In addition, TRs are becoming more and more common in this era due to the combined effect of climate change and increasing water demand. TRs have been overlooked by hydrologists. Most freshwater science has been focused on the management and conservation of perennial rivers (i.e., rivers that continuously flow).
The recent emergence of an autonomous vehicle (AV) industry in the U.S. has been attributed primarily to the 2004-2007 DARPA Grand Challenges, three competitions during which teams constructed robots to transverse a desert racecourse (2004-2005) and complete a series of simulated urban driving scenarios (2007).
Science and Technology (S&T) is a key aspect of superhero comic books. Comics reach a vast audience and are rife with scientific references. They represent a valuable resource for communicating the value of science in popular culture. The Marvel universe has evolved exponentially since its birth in 1939, breaking into the cinema industry and reaching new audiences. However, a glance at some popular Marvel characters raises some concern about the part played by S&T in superhero stories and the debatable effects of S&T on superhero characters.
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
Con esta contribución se propone una reflexión y los primeros insumos para una posible batería de indicadores que permitan la medición del impacto social de las diversas actividades de relacionamiento de la universidad, independientemente de si las actividades vienen de extensión, investigación o docencia.
This paper investigates the impact of artificial intelligence on the creative destruction of economic activities in U.S. metropolitan areas. We theorize that the impact of AI is unevenly distributed across regions and that its local impacts can be estimated using variation in exposure to Artificial Intelligence patents. We use a newly constructed dataset linking patents, American Community Survey and O*NET data for 2009-2019 in the U.S.. Preliminary results show that the current development of the U.S.
Coordinadora General del Consejo de Comunidades Waorani de Pastaza
Entre las vulneraciones que los waorani del Ecuador han sufrido se evidenció una brecha educativa en alrededor de 400 niños y niñas de 20 comunidades en el territorio ancestral sin acceso a internet y luz eléctrica permanente. Esto provocó una reacción por parte de las organizaciones de base de los waorani, quienes conciben a la educación como mecanismo de desarrollo y de incorporación a la sociedad nacional. Por lo que decidieron impulsar un proyecto de educación propia, liderado por Nemonte Nenquimo, ganadora del Goldman Environmental Prize.
La Investigación-Acción Participativa (IAP) es un camino para generar ciencia útil, pues permite la reflexión crítica colectiva de las necesidades y potencialidades de los grupos humanos involucrados. Genera espacios de diálogo propositivos para los entornos donde se desarrolla. En el caso de los territorios habitados por pueblos indígenas de reciente contacto, la IAP pretende responder a la necesidad constante de involucrar adecuadamente a los actores sociales o participantes en los procesos investigativos, sobre todo cuando se trata de contextos vulnerables.
